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The Raid on Lunenburg occurred during the French and Indian War when a militia of the Wabanaki Confederacy (Mi'kmaw) attacked a British settlement at Lunenburg, Nova Scotia on May 8, 1756.〔Diane Marshall in her book Heroes of the Acadian Resistance (Formac, 2011. p. 149) identifies that members of the Mi'kmaq militia were involved in the raid.〕〔Some commentators have indicated that since the primary documents indicate that the natives were from St. John River, that they were Maliseet. Mi'kmaq also lived on the St. John River.〕 The native militia raided two islands on the northern outskirts of the fortified Township of Lunenburg, () Rous Island and Payzant Island (present day Covey Island).〔These islands are located off of the present-day village of Mahone Bay, Nova Scotia. Mahone Bay was not established as a town until the twentieth century. At the time of the raid, this area was simply part of the farm lots of those who had property in the town of Lunenburg. Such was the case with Louis Payzant who owned property in the town of Lunenburg and was killed on his farm lot property on Payzant Island (which is present-day Covey Island) during the raid.〕 The Maliseet killed twenty settlers and took five prisoners. This raid was the first of nine the Natives and Acadians would conduct against the peninsula over a three-year period during the war. The Wabanaki Confederacy took John and Lewis Payzant prisoner, both of whom recorded one of the few Captivity narratives that exist from Nova Scotia/ Acadia. == Historical context == The first recorded Mi'kmaq militia attack in the region happened during King George's War on the La Have river. The militia killed seven English crew members on a vessel the went ashore. The scalps were taken to Joseph Marin de la Malgue at Louisbourg.〔(History of Lunenburg County, p 343 )〕 Father Le Loutre's War began when Edward Cornwallis arrived to establish Halifax with 13 transports on June 21, 1749.〔Grenier, John. ''The Far Reaches of Empire. War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760''. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 2008; Thomas Beamish Akins. History of Halifax, Brookhouse Press. 1895. (2002 edition). p 7〕 By unilaterally establishing Halifax the British were violating earlier treaties with the Mi'kmaq (1726).〔Wicken, p. 181; Griffith, p. 390; Also see http://www.northeastarch.com/vieux_logis.html〕 The British quickly began to build other settlements. To guard against Mi'kmaq, Acadian and French attacks on the new Protestant settlements, British fortifications were erected in Halifax (Citadel Hill) (1749), Bedford (Fort Sackville) (1749), Dartmouth (1750), Lunenburg (1753) and Lawrencetown (1754). To thwart the development of these Protestant settlements, the Maliseet, Mi'kmaq and Acadians conducted numerous raids on the settlements, such as the Raid on Dartmouth (1751). During these raids, the French military paid the Mi'kmaq for the British scalps they acquired. (In response, the British military paid Rangers for the scalps of Mi'kmaq and Maliseet.)〔While the French military hired Natives to gather British scalps, the British military hired Rangers to gather French and Native scalps. The regiments of both the French and British militaries were not skilled at frontier warfare, while the Natives and Rangers were. British officers Cornwallis and Amherst both expressed dismay over the tactics of the rangers and the Mi'kmaq (See Grenier, p.152, Faragher, p. 405).〕 When the French and Indian War began, the conflict in Acadia intensified. With the British victory at the Battle of Fort Beauséjour (1755), the Expulsion of the Acadians from the Maritimes began and conflict between the British and the Mi'kmaq, Acadians and Maliseet continued. Fort Cumberland was raided for two days between April 26–27, 1756, and nine British soldiers were killed and scalped.〔Linda G. Layton. (2003) ''A passion for survival: The true story of Marie Anne and Louis Payzant in Eighteenth-century Nova Scotia.'' Nimbus Publishing, p. 55〕 The raid on Lunenburg took place almost two weeks later. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Raid on Lunenburg, Nova Scotia (1756)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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